| 小产权房的法律问题分析 |
| Alternative Title | Legal Analysis on The House with Limited Property Right
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| 赵胜辉 |
| Subtype | 硕士
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| Thesis Advisor | 刘艺工
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| 2010-05-10
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| Degree Grantor | 兰州大学
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| Place of Conferral | 兰州
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| Degree Name | 硕士
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| Keyword | 小产权房
土地二元结构
集体土地
物权
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| Abstract | 小产权房是指在农村集体土地上，由乡镇政府或村委会单独或联合开发商开发建设，并由乡镇政府或村委会制作房屋权属证书向城市居民销售的房屋。小产权具有权属的模糊性和权力的不完整性这两大法律特征。
而小产权房的这些特点是由多面的原因造成的。在法律层面，我国多年来的土地二元结构是其根本原因，同时与土地二元结构相配套的户籍二元制度使农民被死死的钉在了农村土地上，在生活各个方面与城镇居民相比处于弱势。而在社会层面上，近些年房价直线上升，城镇居民只能望房兴叹，住房的硬性需求只能流向小产权房；开发商面临着土地出让金不断攀升的情况下，不得不压缩自身利润。为了寻求利润最大化，一些中小开发商铤而走险涉足小产权房领域；农民面对火爆的房地产市场，手中的土地不断升值，但是这些土地要想进入一级市场流通只能通过国家征收的程序。而在国家征收过程中，农民自身利益很难得到保障。为了在房地产市场这块大蛋糕上分得一块，农民只能在国家征收之前自行开发，或联合房地产商开发。
小产权房的存在虽然得不到法律认可，但是却有很多合理之处，所以屡禁不止，并蓬勃发展。如今小产权房已经具有相当的规模。它对社会的影响既有积极的一面又有消极的一面。它打破了国家对一级土地市场的垄断，不能不说是民间自发的创新，由此形成了土地供应市场的竞争。但又不能忽视这对我们这样一个人多地少，土地资源极度紧张的国家的危害。
针对小产权房的特征，形成的原因以及对我国社会的影响，我们需要遵循一定法律原则来解决这个社会问题。一方面我们要提高土地征收补偿，让农民的利益得到保障。另一方面需要规范政府的征收行为，做到真正是为了公共利益而去征收。此外，对于已经存在的大量小产权房，不能一刀切，要么全部“转正”，要么全部强拆。要对它们分类处理，在保障耕地的前提下，最合理的利用资源。
小产权的存在时间已久，又涉及多方利益。它直接关系到我国三农问题，城乡统筹的科学发展，以及构建和谐社会等重大问题。科学的解决小产权房是具有高度战略意义的。 |
| Other Abstract | The Hose with limited property right is the house built by country administration or village committee, or cooperated with developers. The purchaser of this kind of house would be only given the certificate made by country administration or village committee. So, this kind of house has two characteristics, ambiguous ownership and incomplete right.
Its special legal traits are contributed by many reasons. On the legal level, it’s mainly because of the bilateral land system in our nation. Meanwhile, setting with bilateral land system, our bilateral residential registration system is the other cause, which rivets farmers in land. Compared with people with city residence, rural people suffer many disadvantages. On the social level, with flying real estate price, people live in cities is unable to purchase a house with complete right. So the need have flowed to the house with limited property right. Real estate developer, face rising land investment, have press down their profit margin. With these difficulties, some developer began to invest in the houses with limited property right. One hand, farmers are happy for that their land gets more and more precious, but one other hand, they can enjoy the profits from their land, since only through the confiscatory process, can they realize the land value. But in this process, they can get little from government. Fighting for their right, farmers develop real estate before confiscation of government.
The existence of house with limited property right is illegal, but its reasonable. Thos why there are more and more this kind of houses emerges, even with repeated probation from government. Now, it already became an inevitable phenomenon. Its existence and development has good effect as breaking the monopoly of government on land supply market, and side effect as endangering our cultivable land which is a scarce resource in our nation.
According to the traits, causation, as well as its influence, we need to deal with it under right principles. Rising the compensation for farmers who would lost their land, make sure the interests of farmers can be guaranteed. Regulating on the confiscation process of government, make sure the land can be used for public interests. For the existed houses with limited property right, we cannot deny them all or accept them all. We have to categorize them and maximize their values. |
| URL | 查看原文
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| Language | 中文
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| Document Type | 学位论文
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| Identifier | https://ir.lzu.edu.cn/handle/262010/202198
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| Collection | 法学院
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Recommended Citation
GB/T 7714 |
赵胜辉. 小产权房的法律问题分析[D]. 兰州. 兰州大学,2010.
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