| 凋落物与牦牛粪的分解及其对土壤特性的影响 | |
| Alternative Title | Decomposition of litter and yak dung and its effect on soil characteristics |
| 方雨婷 | |
| Subtype | 硕士 |
| Thesis Advisor | 张世挺 |
| 2020-05-28 | |
| Degree Grantor | 兰州大学 |
| Place of Conferral | 兰州 |
| Degree Name | 理学硕士 |
| Degree Discipline | 生态学 |
| Keyword | 凋落物分解 牦牛粪分解 质量损失 土壤特性 |
| Abstract | 中文摘要 凋落物与牦牛粪的分解是青藏高原地区草地生态系统养分归还的两大方式，是维持草地生态系统物质流动与能量循环的重要环节。在自然界中，牦牛粪常常覆盖于凋落物上，与凋落物混合分解，但对于牦牛粪与凋落物混合分解的研究却不多。本实验开始于 2018 年 10 月，终止于 2019 年 10 月，为期一年。选取了垂穗披碱草（Elymus nutans）、冰草（Agropyron cristatum）、刺儿菜（Cirsium setosum）和秦艽（Gentiana macrophylla）四种凋落物与牦牛粪作为实验材料。采用凋落物袋法与堆积法，研究凋落物与牦牛粪的分解及其对土壤特性的影响。研究取得的主要结果如下： （1）凋落物分解受初始氮含量、木质素含量与木质素/氮比的影响，四种凋落物中分解较快的是刺儿菜与秦艽，分解较慢的是垂穗披碱草与冰草。 （2）相较于夏季牦牛粪的分解，冬季分解速率较慢，牦牛粪中氮、磷的释放也较慢，到实验结束时，牦牛粪已分解 47.34%。 （3）牦牛粪与凋落物的分解均能增加土壤中可溶性有机碳(DOC)、可溶性有机氮(DON)、可溶性有机磷(DOP)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、微生物生物量碳(MBC)、微生物生物量氮(MBN）含量。 （4）牦牛粪与凋落物共同分解能加速凋落物质量损失与氮、磷的释放。 （5）牦牛粪与凋落物共同分解对土壤 pH 有拮抗作用，对土壤 DON、DOP、MBC、MBN 含量有协同作用，对土壤 TN 含量主要表现为协同作用，对土壤 TP含量主要表现为加性作用，对土壤 DOC 含量表现先拮抗作用或协同作用，依赖于采样时间。 关键词：凋落物分解，牦牛粪分解，质量损失，土壤特性 |
| Other Abstract | Abstract Litter and yak dung are two major ways to return nutrients to grasslandecosystem in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which are important links to maintaingrassland ecosystem material flow and energy cycle. In nature, yak dung is often covered on litter and mixed with litter to decompose, but little is known of the effects of yak dung and litter mixed to decompose. This experiment started in October, 2018 and ended in October, 2019 for a period of one year. Elymus nutans, Agropyron cristatum, Cirsium setosum, and Gentiana macrophylla were selected as experimentalmaterials. The litterbag method and stack method were used to study thedecomposition of litter and yak dung and its effect on soil characteristics. The mainresults obtained from the study were as follows: (1)The litter decomposition was affected by the initial nitrogen content, lignin content, and lignin / nitrogen ratio of the litter. Cirsium setosum and Gentiana macrophylla decomposed faster, and Elymus nutans and Agropyron cristatum decomposed slower. (2)The decomposition rate of yak dung in summer was faster than that in winter.The release of nitrogen and phosphorus in yak dung was also faster in summer than in winter. By the end of the experiment, dung decomposed by 47.34%. (3)The decomposition of yak dung and litter could increase the content of DOC, DON, DOP, TN, TP, MBC and MBN in the soil. (4) Yak dung could accelerate the mass loss of litter and the release of nitrogen and phosphorus of litter. (5)The co-decomposition of yak dung and litters showed significant antagonistic effect on soil pH and significant synergistic effect on the content of DON, DOP, MBC, MBN in the soil. It mainly showed significant synergistic effect on soil TN and additive effect on soil TP. It showed antagonism effect or synergistic effect on soil DOC, depended on sampling times. Keywords: Litter decomposition, yak dung decomposition, mass loss, soil properties |
| Pages | 65 |
| URL | 查看原文 |
| Language | 中文 |
| Document Type | 学位论文 |
| Identifier | https://ir.lzu.edu.cn/handle/262010/463603 |
| Collection | 生命科学学院 |
| Affiliation | 生命科学学院 |
| First Author Affilication | School of Life Sciences |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | 方雨婷. 凋落物与牦牛粪的分解及其对土壤特性的影响[D]. 兰州. 兰州大学,2020. |
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